What is a router, wireless access point (WAP), & a network switch?

In the world of networking, there are three devices that are essential for connecting computers and devices to the internet and to each other: routers, wireless access points (WAPs), and network switches. Understanding these devices is crucial for anyone setting up or managing a network.

Router

A router connects multiple networks together and routes traffic between them. Key functions:

• Connects your local network to the internet
• Assigns IP addresses to devices (DHCP)
• Provides network security (firewall)
• Manages traffic between networks
• Often includes Wi-Fi in home/small business models

Wireless Access Point (WAP)

A WAP provides wireless network connectivity. Important features:

• Broadcasts Wi-Fi signal
• Connects wireless devices to wired network
• Supports multiple connections simultaneously
• Can be managed individually or as a system
• Enterprise WAPs offer advanced features and coverage

Network Switch

A switch connects multiple devices on the same network. Benefits:

• Expands available network ports
• Enables wired connections for devices
• Provides better performance than routers alone
• Managed switches offer VLAN and QoS features
• PoE switches power devices like cameras and WAPs

How They Work Together

In a typical network: 1. Router connects to the internet 2. Switch connects to the router 3. Wired devices connect to the switch 4. WAPs connect to the switch (often via PoE) 5. Wireless devices connect through WAPs

Business vs. Consumer Equipment

Consumer Equipment:

• All-in-one devices
• Limited features
• Lower performance
• Suitable for homes/small offices

Business Equipment:

• Separate, specialized devices
• Advanced management features
• Higher performance and reliability
• Scalable for growth
• Professional support

Professional Installation

Proper network design and installation require expertise:

• Assessing coverage and capacity needs
• Cable infrastructure planning
• Equipment selection and configuration
• Security implementation
• Testing and documentation

EIG PRO specializes in designing and installing enterprise-grade networks for commercial and multi-family properties, ensuring reliable, high-performance connectivity that grows with your needs.